The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses that helped enslaved people in the United States escape to freedom in the North and Canada.
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Network of Secret Routes
The Underground Railroad was not a physical railroad, but rather a network of people who were willing to risk their own safety to help others escape slavery.
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Underground Railroad
Tubman was an enslaved woman who escaped to freedom in 1849. She then returned to the South 19 times and helped over 300 people escape to freedom. Tubman was known as the "Moses of her people" for her bravery and dedication to helping others.
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1. Harriet Tubman
Douglass was an enslaved man who escaped to freedom in 1838. He became a leading abolitionist and author, and he used his platform to fight for the end of slavery and the advancement of civil rights for African Americans.
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2. Frederick Douglass
Garrison was a white abolitionist who founded the newspaper The Liberator in 1831. The Liberator was a powerful voice for the abolitionist movement, and it helped to raise awareness of the evils of slavery.
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3. William Lloyd Garrison
Truth was an enslaved woman who escaped to freedom in 1826. She became a leading abolitionist and women's rights activist. Truth was known for her powerful speeches and her dedication to fighting for justice for all people.
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4. Sojourner Truth
Brown was a white abolitionist who led a raid on the Harpers Ferry Armory in 1859. Brown's raid was unsuccessful, but it helped to spark the Civil War. Brown was captured and executed for his role in the raid, but he is remembered as a martyr for the abolitionist movement.
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5. John Brown
Coffin was a white Quaker who owned a safe house on the Underground Railroad. He helped over 3,000 people escape to freedom, and he was known as the "President of the Underground Railroad."
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6. Levi Coffin
Stowe was a white author who wrote the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin in 1852. Uncle Tom's Cabin was a powerful anti-slavery novel that helped to turn public opinion against slavery.
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7. Harriet Beecher Stowe
Turner was a white abolitionist who was known as the "Father of the Underground Railroad." He helped over 3,000 people escape to freedom, and he developed a network of safe houses and secret routes that covered over 10 states.
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8. J.M.W. Turner
Brown was an enslaved man who escaped to freedom by mailing himself in a box to abolitionists in Philadelphia. Brown's escape made headlines across the country, and it helped to raise awareness of the evils of slavery.
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11. Henry Box Brown
Craft was an enslaved woman who escaped to freedom by disguising herself as a white man. Her husband, William, also escaped by disguising himself as her slave. The Crafts' escape was daring and successful, and it helped to inspire other enslaved people to escape.
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12. Ellen Craft